Government cash transfer programs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) make a significant contribution to improving health outcomes and reducing poverty. Studies show that these programs reduce adult female mortality by approximately 20% and significantly improve child and maternal health, for example by increasing the number of assisted births and exclusive breastfeeding[1][3]. In Brazil, cash transfers have reduced tuberculosis incidence and mortality by more than 60% and HIV/AIDS by more than 50% among the extremely poor. Mortality-reducing effects are seen within two years of the programs' introduction and increase over time[1]. Programs with and without conditions have similar positive effects on health, with greater reach and higher amounts of money leading to greater health benefits[1]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant expansion of these programs, which emphasizes their importance in times of crisis[1][2]. Overall, cash transfers represent an effective tool for improving global health, especially in vulnerable populations.