Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) expression is induced by hypoxia-inducible factor 2 (HIF2) and contributes to cachexia in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Cachexia is a severe syndrome characterized by loss of muscle mass and weight that worsens the prognosis of patients with RCC. Animal experiments and analysis of clinical data have confirmed that HIF2 drives PTHrP expression, thereby promoting the development of cachexia. Treatment with HIF2 inhibitors such as belzutifan may reduce the manifestations of cachexia in patients with RCC. This approach represents a novel therapeutic target to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life of renal cancer patients. The study was published in the journal Nature Medicine in November 2025.