The study evaluated the intention of intensive care unit nurses to take preventive measures against deep vein thrombosis. The survey was conducted among 575 nurses in 16 hospitals in China. The mean score of nurses' intention was 93.32 ± 12.62. The results showed that the greatest influence on nurses' intention was their education, number of years of experience in the intensive care unit, specialization in this unit, and training in the area of knowledge of deep vein thrombosis. These factors were the main prerequisites for nurses' willingness to take preventive measures. The study provides a basis for developing strategies to improve thrombosis prevention in intensive care units.