Clostridium paraputrificum is a rare cause of bloodstream infection that is often associated with serious underlying diseases and can lead to intestinal necrosis. In the described case of an 82-year-old woman, the infection developed after necrotic resection of the small intestine and was successfully treated with a 5-day combination of the antibiotics meropenem and linezolid. The diagnosis was confirmed using gene sequencing, which also showed the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance in C. paraputrificum. Infections with these bacteria are dangerous and require rapid diagnosis and adequate treatment. The literature review highlights that these infections can be insidious and often require increased attention from physicians. This case contributes to a better understanding of the clinical manifestations and treatment options for infections caused by C. paraputrificum. Overall, there is a need to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for these rare but serious infections.