Garlic mouthwash with a higher concentration of extract shows antimicrobial efficacy comparable to chlorhexidine, which has long been considered the "gold standard" in antimicrobial mouthwashes[1][3]. A systematic review of clinical trials showed that garlic mouthwash can even outperform chlorhexidine in killing bacteria in some cases, although it may cause more discomfort when used[1]. Clinical studies have shown that 5% garlic extract reduces the number of microorganisms in saliva, although chlorhexidine (0.12%) was more effective[2]. Garlic extract does not have side effects such as tooth staining or cytotoxic effects that are associated with chlorhexidine[2]. Research also confirms the broad antimicrobial action of garlic extract against bacteria, fungi and viruses, while investigating its use in various oral diseases including gingivitis and stomatitis[1]. However, most of the studies are still in vitro and there is a lack of clinical standardization, which requires further research to confirm the effectiveness of garlic in dental practice[1]. Overall, garlic mouthwash represents a promising, natural alternative to synthetic antimicrobials in oral hygiene[1][2].