The study investigated the effect of an integrated nursing intervention combined with psychological care in 100 patients after thyroid cancer surgery. The patients were divided into two groups: the control group received conventional nursing and the observation group received integrated care with psychological support. After the intervention, the observation group had significantly lower anxiety (SAS) and depression (SDS) scores compared to the control group. She also achieved higher WHOQOL-BREF quality of life scores and higher satisfaction with nursing care (P < 0.05). The results indicate that combined nursing and psychological care effectively alleviates negative emotions, improves quality of life, and increases patient satisfaction after thyroid cancer surgery. This intervention thus represents a significant benefit in the postoperative rehabilitation of these patients.