Until 1998, hospital medicine in the UK was organized around a 'firm' - a team of doctors of various levels who knew their patients and knew each other. This model had its drawbacks, such as different standards, long working hours and a paternalistic culture, but it ensured continuity, tacit knowledge and shared responsibility. The introduction of the European Working Time Directive (EWTD) in 1998 and the change in rotation systems disrupted this model. Studies have shown that EWTD improved work-life balance, but also reduced continuity of care, team cohesion, and quality of education. The number of patient handovers increased significantly and responsibility for the patient often became unclear. Current policy emphasizes consultant-led care with frequent visits and daily review, which has improved the visibility of senior doctors and, in some cases, treatment outcomes. However, this approach creates some paradoxes between improved control and loss of continuity of team care[article].