In 2023, 2,993 cases of listeriosis were confirmed in the European Union and the EEA, which is the highest number since the start of pan-European monitoring of this disease[1][7]. Of these cases, 340 deaths have been reported, and listeriosis is associated with a high hospitalization rate of over 95%[1][3][5]. The most affected groups are the elderly, pregnant women, newborns and people with weakened immunity[1][3]. The increase in serious listeria infections may be related to the aging of the population and changes in eating habits, especially the increased consumption of ready-to-eat meals[1][4]. Among the most affected countries are Germany, France and Spain, while the highest incidence was recorded in Finland, Sweden and Portugal[1][6]. Listeriosis causes serious complications such as meningitis, brain infections and life-threatening blood infections[1]. In 2023, 10 new multiple infection clusters were identified, with some lasting almost 15 years[2]. Prevention and monitoring remain key to controlling this disease in Europe.