This editorial focuses on Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP), an autoimmune disease characterized by a reduced number of platelets and an increased risk of bleeding. ITP is caused by a combination of increased immune-related destruction of platelets and reduced production in the bone marrow. The main goal of treatment is to achieve such a number of platelets that will reduce the risk of serious bleeding, not necessarily their complete normalization. Corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins are mainly used in the initial (first) line of treatment. Other lines of treatment include splenectomy, rituximab and thrombopoietin receptor agonists, which stimulate platelet production and whose effectiveness has been confirmed by randomized clinical trials. The editorial emphasizes the importance of optimizing diagnostics, individualizing treatment and monitoring the long-term effectiveness and safety of newer treatment options. At the same time, the authors state that this is the second volume focused on the diagnosis and treatment of ITP, which builds on previous knowledge in this area.