The study examined changes in the incidence of eye problems in children aged 3–6 years from southwest China after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. They retrospectively analyzed the vision screening results of 26,396 children in 2022 and 31,324 children in 2023 according to the official standard. The overall standardized incidence of eye problems was 9.13% in 2022 and 8.78% in 2023. The incidence of nearsightedness (myopia) decreased from 0.55% to 0.60%, astigmatism from 8.64% to 8.06%, and anisometropia from 0.87% to 0.45%. Logistic regression confirmed a significantly lower probability of these problems in 2023. The incidence of hyperopia was higher than for other types of refractive errors. The authors recommend increasing efforts to reduce astigmatism in preschool children.