Scientists have discovered a new type of cell in the human brain that is responsible for maintaining the production of inhibitory neurons during brain development.[1] These cells, called subventricular zone radial glial cells (SVZ RGCs), are located in an area of the brain called the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) and are unique to the human brain and primates, but are not found in mice.[1] The research team identified that SVZ RGC cells have distinct molecular properties, spatial distribution, morphology, and division behavior compared to other cell types.[1] These cells maintain the production of GABAergic inhibitory neurons and glial cells throughout human brain development, providing a biological basis for the prolonged duration of inhibitory neuron production in an evolutionary context.[1] The findings suggest that inhibitory neurons play an important role in increasing the flexibility of neural circuits and the computational capacity of the human brain.[3] This study represents an important contribution to the understanding of the mechanisms behind the development of the human brain and its evolutionary complexity.[1]