PATHWAYS is a UK clinical trial investigating the impact of puberty blockers on the physical, social and emotional health of gender nonconforming young people[1]. The study is scheduled to begin in January 2026, recruiting children and adolescents who want to delay puberty and whose parents and doctors agree to this treatment approach[2]. This is the first randomized controlled trial of its kind, as there is currently insufficient information on the potential benefits and risks of puberty blockers for young people[1]. Scientists are concerned about potential long-term effects on brain and bone development, but it is not yet clear whether these changes will occur, how large they will be, or whether they will return to normal after treatment ends[1]. The research is being led by researchers from King's College London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and has been approved by NHS England in partnership with the National Institute for Health and Care[2]. The results of the study are intended to help young people, their families and doctors make better informed decisions about care and support for gender nonconformity[1].