Upadacitinib (Rinvoq) demonstrated sustained clinical, endoscopic, and histological benefits in a large cohort of real-world ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.[original] Many patients maintained remission through one year of treatment.[original] In phase 3 registrational studies (U-ACHIEVE, U-ACCOMPLISH), upadacitinib achieved significantly higher rates of clinical remission versus placebo.[1][2][7] After 8 weeks of treatment at 45 mg daily, 73% of patients on upadacitinib achieved a clinical response versus 27% on placebo (p<0.001).[1] Endoscopic improvement was achieved in 36% of patients versus 7% on placebo and histological mucosal improvement in 30% versus 7% (p<0.001).[1] After 52 weeks, 46% of patients on upadacitinib 30 mg, 36% on 15 mg, and 14% on placebo achieved clinical remission.[3] The drug is approved for adults with moderate to severe UC after failure of previous treatment.[4][5][7]