The study used US commercial health insurance data from 2007-2021 and compared 2,052 child and adolescent survivors of gunshot injuries to controls, along with their family members. Survivors experienced a 117% increase in pain disorders, a 68% increase in psychiatric disorders, and a 144% increase in substance use disorders compared to controls within one year of injury. Parents of survivors had a 30-31% increase in psychiatric disorders, mothers 75% more mental health visits, while fathers and siblings had a decrease in routine medical visits. Family members of children who died of gunshot wounds experienced a 2.3- to 5.3-fold increase in psychiatric disorders and at least a 15.3-fold increase in parental mental health visits. Survivors' medical expenses increased by an average of $34,884, a 17.1-fold increase, with 95% covered by insurance companies or employers.[2][3]