Aortitis is inflammation of the aorta caused by vasculitis of the large vessels, such as giant cell arteritis (GCA) or Takayasu arteritis (TAK). In more than 50% of patients with GCA, aortitis forms the main part of the disease and is diagnosed by imaging methods such as MRI or CT scans. Symptoms include fever, weight loss, fatigue and chest pain, with life-threatening aneurysms or aortic dissection in severe cases. Abnormal production of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, TNF-α, and interferon-γ by T lymphocytes and macrophages, has been demonstrated in patients with large-vessel vasculitis. The main treatment is high-dose oral glucocorticoid therapy for rapid disease control, then the dose is reduced to avoid toxicity. Tocilizumab is FDA-approved for the treatment of GCA, and the TILT trial expects remission in 70% of patients with GCA and aortitis at 24 weeks, with a precision estimate of ±11% in 80 patients. Remission is defined as absence of clinical symptoms, normalization of ESR and CRP, and no progressive aortic damage on CT angiography and FDG-PET.[1][2]