Two analyzes show that nonmedical use of gabapentin has persisted in recent years despite changes in prescribing patterns. The first analysis was led by Sara Karami, PhD, MPH, of the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. MedPage Today reported this in connection with ongoing abuse. In the US, gabapentin was found in more than 13% of urine samples that tested positive for fentanyl, roughly double that of prescription opioids. The drug is increasingly being prescribed off-label for conditions like dental pain, although a 2019 study found insufficient evidence of its effectiveness for pain. The CDC reports that gabapentin provides small to moderate improvement in pain but with a moderate risk of side effects and addiction. In the UK, gabapentin and pregabalin are associated with an increasing number of overdoses.