A study investigated the efficacy and safety of the combination of dolutegravir and lamivudine (DTG/3TC) in the rapid initiation of HIV treatment in treatment-naïve patients in China[1]. The research included patients from three centers in Beijing, Nanjing and Qingdao, who were divided into a rapid initiation group (within 7 days of diagnosis) and a non-rapid initiation group (after 7 days)[1]. After 48 weeks of treatment, virologic suppression was 93.0% in the fast-start group and 90.9% in the non-fast-start group, representing comparable results between the two groups[1]. The median increase in the number of CD4 cells (cells of the immune system) was similar in both groups - 232 and 243 cells/μl[1]. During follow-up, there were no significant differences in changes in liver function, kidney function and lipid levels between the groups[1]. The study provides clinical evidence that DTG/3TC is effective and safe for rapid antiretroviral therapy in newly diagnosed HIV patients, regardless of whether treatment is initiated rapidly or later[1].