Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common disease that mainly affects school-aged children and adolescents worldwide. It has non-specific clinical manifestations in the initial stage, therefore laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis is important for early identification of severe cases and proper management. Recent advances in metabolomics make it possible to analyze metabolic changes in biological samples from patients with MPP. These analyzes reveal disturbances in metabolic networks and bring new knowledge about the etiology of the disease. Metabolomika zároveň pomáha objavovať potenciálne biomarkery na včasnú diagnostiku a hodnotenie priebehu ochorenia. Thanks to this, it serves as a valuable tool in clinical practice.