A retrospective analysis investigated 12 cases of aseptic meningitis associated with MOG antibodies in children treated at Shandong University Children's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2024. Routine blood tests showed an elevated white blood cell count from 15.92 to 34.0 × 109/L, neutrophils from 76.5 to 90.3%, ESR from 48 to 105 mm/h. and CRP from 21.6 to 116.0 mg/l. In the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the number of white blood cells was from 15 to 182 × 106/l. Cranial MRI revealed inflammatory changes in four cases, and the MOG antibody titer was 1:100 in 5 cases, 1:32 in 5 cases, and 1:320 in 2 cases. After treatment with glucocorticoids, the children's body temperature and blood test values, CRP and ESR returned to normal. Aseptic meningitis associated with MOG antibodies presents with prolonged fever with peripheral inflammatory markers reminiscent of bacterial infection, while CSF profiles resemble viral inflammation. Clinicians should consider disorders related to MOG antibodies in children with unexplained relapsing fever.