Theranostics is a modern medical method that combines diagnosis and treatment using radioactive substances (radiopharmaceuticals) targeting tumor cells[1][2]. The principle consists in the use of one radioactive isotope for diagnosis and another for the treatment of a specific biomarker, which enables a personalized approach to the patient[3]. This technology is mainly used in the treatment of prostate cancer and neuroendocrine tumors, targeting specific proteins such as PSMA on the surface of tumor cells[1]. In 2025, 56 radiopharmaceuticals were approved for the diagnosis of various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases[1]. The future of theranostics is aimed at expanding its use to other types of cancer and medical fields, including cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases[2]. However, companies must overcome regulatory, manufacturing and reimbursement hurdles to fully exploit the potential of this promising technology[2].