A cross-sectional study assessed medication adherence in 75 patients with inflammatory eye disease using a questionnaire on demographics, disease characteristics, understanding of the condition and treatment, adherence, and methods to improve adherence, while the accuracy of responses was verified by electronic hospital records. Only 14 patients (18.7%) were assessed as highly adherent to prescribed medication, although 33 (44%) reported no barriers to adherence. As many as 38 patients (50.6%) could not recall the purpose of their medication, despite 59 (78.6%) stating that the purpose was clearly explained to them. The ability to accurately recall the ocular inflammation diagnosis (p = 0.041) was independently associated with good adherence. A good understanding of the eye condition and treatment regimen was demonstrated by 19 patients (25.3%), while higher income was independently associated with it (p = 0.032). Adherence to medication in eye inflammatory diseases is not optimal and is manifested by a discrepancy between the explained and mentioned information about the medication and the condition, which negatively affects adherence. Targeted educational interventions may be needed to improve understanding and retention of key information about the disease and treatment.