Ultrasound cycloplasty (UCP) is a minimally invasive, stainless-steel glaucoma treatment that lowers intraocular pressure using high-intensity focused ultrasound for cyclodestruction. In clinical practice, UCP is increasingly used, and studies confirm its effectiveness and safety. However, evidence of its effect on ocular biomechanics and refractive parameters is limited, creating gaps in knowledge about postoperative structural and functional outcomes. This review synthesizes available clinical and translational studies to identify limitations and areas for further investigation. Existing evidence shows that UCP achieves sustained reductions in intraocular pressure with minimal long-term effects on ocular biomechanics or visual function. The overview provides clinicians and researchers with insight for optimized patient selection and postoperative monitoring.