Menopausal hormone therapy and long term mortality: nationwide, register based cohort study

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Source: BMJ

Original: http://www.bmj.com/content/392/bmj-2025-085998.short?rss=1...

Published: 2026-02-18T15:31:10-08:00

A Danish nationwide cohort study followed 876,805 women born between 1950 and 1977 for a median of 14.3 years to assess whether menopausal hormone therapy increases the risk of all-cause death.[1] Women using hormone therapy had an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.96, indicating that treatment was not associated with increased overall mortality.[1] When analyzed by duration of use, the risk of death was reduced especially with treatment lasting 3–4.9 years (adjusted hazard ratio 0.89) and 1–2.9 years (0.94), while after less than a year of treatment the hazard ratio was 1.01.[1] There were no clear differences between the groups in death caused by a specific cause, whether cardiovascular, tumor or other.[1] Women who had a bilateral oophorectomy (removal of both ovaries) aged 45–54 years and used hormone therapy had a 27–34% lower risk of death compared to untreated women, with a mean age of death of 60.9 years versus 56.0 years.[1] The study concluded that hormone therapy in menopause is not associated with increased mortality.[1]