Effects of an AI-enhanced BOPPPS teaching model in nursing courses: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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Source: Frontiers Medicine

Original: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1767911...

Published: 2026-02-18T00:00:00Z

A meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials with a total of 459 nursing students examined the effectiveness of the AI-enhanced BOPPPS teaching model compared to traditional teaching.[1] Student academic performance improved significantly in the AI-enhanced BOPPPS group (SMD = 1.06, 95% CI 0.63–1.48; p < 0.05).[1] Self-directed learning ability was significantly improved in the AI-enhanced BOPPPS group (RR = 3.28, 95% CI 2.14–5.02; p < 0.001) with no between-study heterogeneity.[1] Student satisfaction with teaching was also significantly higher using the AI-enhanced BOPPPS model (RR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.27–2.55; p < 0.001).[1] Research demonstrates that integrating AI into the BOPPPS structured instructional model consistently improves learning outcomes, supports student independent learning, and increases student satisfaction with nursing education.[1]