Curcumin is a bioactive substance from turmeric that has strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-cancer properties. The article examines its potential in the treatment of gynecological diseases, including ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancers, as well as benign conditions such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, premenstrual syndrome and menopausal symptoms. Curcumin modulates inflammatory signaling pathways in the body and reduces oxidative stress, thus showing promising effects in the treatment of gynecological disorders. The main problem in its clinical use is its poor bioavailability and the lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials. New technologies in the preparation of curcumin have improved its pharmacokinetic profiles and therapeutic results. Researchers recommend the integration of curcumin into combined treatment strategies, especially in oncology and chronic inflammatory conditions. However, further extensive clinical research and the development of evidence-based guidelines are needed to optimize its use in gynecological care.