The SCREESCO study was a large randomized controlled trial that included more than 270,000 Swedish adults and focused on the diagnostic phase of a population-based colorectal cancer screening program. The research compared two screening methods – colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) – with usual care. The study's main finding was that both colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing increased the rate of early-stage colorectal cancer diagnoses compared with usual care. The study was published in the journal Nature Medicine on February 20, 2026. The results confirm the effectiveness of these screening methods in the early detection of colon and rectal cancer. These findings may contribute to the improvement of colorectal cancer screening programs in the population.