An article from JAMA Network reports on medical news. Nutrition experts weigh in on the new Dietary Guidelines for Americans. A JAMA Network study points to biological factors that contribute to differences in mortality between men and women. The article also states that men's risk of cardiovascular disease rises earlier than women's. It also discusses the risk of epilepsy in children of diabetic mothers and the safety of thyroidectomy in older adults. Home cervical cancer screening and its preferences in certain groups are also mentioned. Finally, the article also addresses the treatment of brain metastases and pertussis infection in adults.