A 58-year-old previously healthy woman with exposure to poultry developed severe pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci and Aspergillus terreus. She started with fever and shortness of breath, which rapidly progressed to respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Initial empiric antibiotics failed. Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid simultaneously identified both pathogens. Treatment with doxycycline and voriconazole resulted in complete recovery. Coinfection with Aspergillus terreus is an exceptionally rare complication of Chlamydia psittaci. The case demonstrates the utility of tNGS in rapid pathogen identification and targeted therapy.