Global efforts to end female genital mutilation (FGM) stand at a crossroads with uneven progress. In 2026, 4.5 million girls are at risk. Achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal seems unlikely without a major shift in political commitment, funding and momentum for change. FGM is defined as the partial or total removal or other damage to the female external genitalia for non-medical reasons. It offers no health benefits and is associated with immediate risks such as bleeding and infection, as well as long-term complications for sexual, mental and obstetric health. This is a violation of human rights, including the right to health, bodily integrity, freedom from violence and freedom. The global community has a consensus to end this practice.