Editorial: Maternal-fetal interface formation and pregnancy outcome

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Source: Frontiers Medicine

Original: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1751324...

Published: 2026-02-25T00:00:00Z

The maternal-fetal interface is a microscopic place of direct communication between mother and fetus and is the basis of a successful pregnancy.[5] Interphase formation includes embryo implantation, trophoblast differentiation and invasion, as well as early placentation.[1] Cell interactions lead to adaptation and maintenance of immunological tolerance between mother and fetus.[1] Disorders in placentation can endanger the development of the fetus and predispose it to chronic diseases in adulthood.[1] Specialized cellular projections such as podosomes and invadopodia are crucial for trophoblast invasion, and their imbalance is associated with complications such as preeclampsia or placenta accreta.[3] Immune imbalance at the interface is associated with miscarriage, recurrent miscarriage, and fetal growth restriction.[4] In patients with recurrent implant failure, the clinical pregnancy rate was 50.74% and the live birth rate was 33.09%.[2] The placental stress response, including the unfolded protein response, is essential for healthy development, but excessive stress leads to pathologies.[3]