War wounds on the Ukrainian front line are often infected with bacteria that are resistant to many antibiotics.[1][3] Gram-negative bacteria are most often found in these wounds, especially the species Acinetobacter baumannii, which dominates the microbial flora of combat wounds.[1] Other common pathogens include Pseudomonas and Klebsiella, which are known for their ability to colonize burns and traumatic wounds and can cause life-threatening sepsis.[3] Some of these bacteria are extensively drug-resistant or even pan-resistant, meaning they resist most or all available antibiotics.[3] The number of soldiers infected with these resistant strains is increasing, causing a higher mortality rate in Ukraine compared to international standards.[3] Before the full Russian invasion in 2022, Ukraine already faced higher levels of antibiotic resistance than many Western European countries, and the conflict has further exacerbated this situation.[3] Healthcare workers in Ukraine are now receiving clearer guidelines on the use of antibiotics to improve the treatment of these serious infections.[3]