The case describes a 59-year-old patient with diabetes and hypertension who had blurred vision in the left eye caused by a rare combination of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO). On examination, his visual acuity in the affected eye was 20/125 and the thickness of the macula was 302 μm. The patient was treated with intravitreal injections of drugs against vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) and laser photocoagulation. After three months of treatment, his visual acuity improved to 20/40, the macular thickness decreased to 182 μm, and the retinal fluid resolved. The case demonstrates that the combination of BRVO and BRAO is an extremely rare retinopathy whose pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. Treatment with anti-VEGF agents and laser photocoagulation has been shown to be effective in treating macular edema caused by this combination. The authors emphasize the importance of systematic evaluation and careful monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors in such patients.