Moderate caffeine intake from coffee or tea is associated with a reduced risk of dementia, according to a large cohort study published in Nature Medicine.[1][2] The study followed 131,821 participants for up to 43 years, with 11,033 developing dementia.[1][3] People consuming 2 to 3 cups of caffeinated coffee per day had an 18% lower risk of dementia compared to those who drank no or minimal coffee.[1][2][3][4] A similar positive effect was also demonstrated with 1 to 2 cups of caffeinated tea per day.[3][5] The protective effect was related to the diagnosis of dementia, subjective memory loss and objective cognitive tests.[1][3] The effect was not confirmed for beverages without caffeine.[2][5] The findings were consistent even in persons with a high genetic predisposition to Alzheimer's disease.[1][2]