The case involves a 62-year-old woman with breast cancer who was receiving chemotherapy and developed febrile neutropenia with severe decreases in white blood cell (total leukocyte count 1.05 × 10⁹/L) and platelets (5 × 10⁹/L).[5] Blood cultures revealed Gram-negative bacteria that were initially identified as Pantoea species using the VITEK-2 system, but confirmed as Phytobacter diazotrophicus by 16S rDNA sequencing.[5] This is the first documented case of P. diazotrophicus bloodstream infection in a cancer patient with febrile neutropenia in India.[5] The patient was treated with blood cell transfusions, filgrastim, and the antibiotic piperacillin-tazobactam, with antimicrobial therapy stopped on day 8 with recovery of blood counts noted on day 7.[5] The case highlights that infections caused by phytobacteria are likely to be underreported by automated identification systems and that increased clinical awareness of this bacterium is needed, particularly in immunocompromised patients.[5]