The editorial deals with the role of stem cells in bone health and regeneration, especially in large bone defects in load-bearing areas. Such conditions require support to restore bone structure and function, where tissue engineering and stem cell-based therapies show promise. Dental pool stem cells (DPSCs) are gaining attention due to their easy availability, minimal risks during harvesting, and the ability of osteogenic differentiation, including the secretion of extracellular vesicles. Composite materials combine the bioactivity of ceramics with the flexibility of polymers, thereby optimizing strength, degradation and osseointegration. A review of 14 clinical trials with 138 patients showed a significant effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the scaffold on bone regeneration, density improvement, soft tissue healing and implant integration with a low number of mild adverse events. The bibliometric analysis included 8,070 articles from 2013–2023 on MSC research in bone regeneration. In elderly patients, critical defects are associated with reduced availability of MSCs and impaired bone remodeling.[1]