The prevalence of autism and ADHD was assessed using health and education data from millions of people worldwide. Current rates in the US, UK and Sweden are closely aligned. The global increase in diagnosed neurodivergence reflects increased awareness of undiagnosed cases, particularly in marginalized groups. Diagnostic criteria and instruments have traditionally failed to capture the non-stereotypical manifestations of ADHD and autism. It is important to consider intersectionality, gender roles, socioeconomic status. Historically, both autism and ADHD have been male-predominant, but the gender ratio is narrowing and approaching parity in autism in adulthood. The recognition of these conditions has improved.