Scientists have developed a new approach to treating Alzheimer's disease by turning brain cells into plaque scavengers. The experimental treatment uses genetically engineered astrocytes equipped with a CAR targeting device, similar to that used in cancer immunotherapy. These cells specifically remove amyloid plaques without the need for frequent infusions of antibodies. In one study, they modified human microglia from stem cells with the CRISPR technique to secrete neprilysin only near the plaque. This enzyme breaks down plaque without damaging healthy parts of the brain. Buck Institute researchers have engineered immune cells with CAR receptors that distinguish between tau clumps and amyloid aggregates. Of the five proposed receptors, four have demonstrated functionality in molecular experiments. The treatment has so far been successful in mice and could take three to five years before human trials.[1][2]