Skin lesions in patients treated with growth hormone and those with growth hormone excess: a current overview

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Source: Frontiers Medicine

Original: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1777658...

Published: 2026-03-12T00:00:00Z

Growth hormone (GH) is a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that regulates metabolism in adulthood, and its synthesis is controlled by hypothalamic neuropeptides such as GHRH and somatostatin. Recombinant human GH is used to treat growth hormone deficiency, short stature, and catabolic conditions. Excess GH causes conditions such as acromegaly, gigantism, Carney complex, McCune-Albright syndrome, neurofibromatosis, and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Skin manifestations such as skin thickening, thickened facial features, skin tags, and excessively oily skin occur in patients treated with GH and with excess GH. These changes are caused by the direct action of GH and IGF-1 on skin cells, which increases collagen synthesis and the expansion of connective tissue. The review summarizes the skin symptoms associated with GH excess and recent findings on the treatment of skin lesions, including benefits, side effects, and limitations of therapies.