Ischemic stroke is a disease with high variability between individual regions, ages and ethnic groups, and its occurrence is related to genetic, environmental and socioeconomic factors. Its mechanism includes disorders of energy metabolism, disruption of the blood-brain barrier and inflammatory processes. Modern diagnostics use advanced imaging methods, identification of biomarkers and applications of artificial intelligence. Treatment primarily focuses on reperfusion therapy and antiplatelet therapy. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) shows potential through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and metabolic regulatory mechanisms. Integrating TCM with conventional medicine has yielded promising clinical results. Nevertheless, challenges remain in the robustness of evidence for efficacy and standardization of treatments. The future lies in the integration of modern technologies, artificial intelligence and international cooperation to improve the comprehensive management of ischemic stroke using TCM.