Discussions of the armed conflict in Lebanon focus on mass casualties, overburdened hospitals and urgent surgical needs. However, for many civilians, the health consequences are less dramatic. Escalating violence in the Middle East, including Lebanon, Iran and the Gulf states, is bringing fear into the lives of millions of people. Bombardment hits towns and villages in densely populated areas, increasing casualties. The cumulative impact on patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the mental health of the population remains under-recognized and under-addressed. Non-communicable diseases require continuity of care, reliable supply of medicines and regular follow-up with doctors. Conflict disrupts these conditions by closing or damaging clinics, disrupting supply chains, and restricting the movement of patients and health workers.