Brain injury after cardiac arrest is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in comatose patients despite successful resuscitation. The article synthesizes evidence from the 2025 European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine guidelines, the 2024–2025 International Resuscitation Liaison Committee recommendations, and recent randomized controlled trials. It provides a practical framework for brain protection, multimodal monitoring, and reliable prognosis before treatment is discontinued. Essential interventions include targeted oxygenation with a peripheral oxygen saturation of 94–98%, normocapnia with a PaCO2 of 35–45 mmHg, individualized perfusion with a mean arterial pressure of 60–65 mmHg, and prevention of fever with a core temperature ≤37.5°C. Seizure treatment is guided by EEG without prophylactic drugs, short-term sedation is used to enable a neurological examination. Multimodal neuroprognosis is performed at least 72 hours after return of spontaneous circulation and requires consistent predictors in multiple domains. A disciplined multimodal approach optimizes neurological recovery in post-cardiac arrest syndrome.