A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). They included eight studies (three randomized controlled and five quasi-experimental) with a total of 257 patients. PRP significantly improved symptom severity, with decreases in UDI-6 and ICIQ-SF scores at 1–3 months. Urodynamic parameters showed an increase in abdominal leakage pressure of 51.07 (95% CI: 36.21–65.93; p < 0.0001), while functional profile length did not change. Quality of life scores (IIQ-7, ICIQ-SF) improved consistently. Adverse events were mild, resolved spontaneously, and no serious complications were reported. PRP has shown promising short-term efficacy in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life with a favorable safety profile. Larger standardized randomized trials with longer follow-up are needed to verify long-term efficacy.