World Tuberculosis Day is observed annually on 24 March and was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1982.[3][10] This day serves to raise awareness of tuberculosis, which is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and most commonly affects the lungs.[1][2] Tuberculosis is the second leading cause of infectious disease death worldwide after COVID-19 and the leading cause of death in people with HIV.[1] According to WHO estimates, 10.4 million people became ill with TB in 2016, accounting for 3% of all cases in Europe.[4] In Slovakia, the situation is stabilized, 155 cases were reported in 2022.[1] In 2017, 55,337 cases were recorded in the EU with a morbidity rate of 10.7 per 100,000 inhabitants.[3] For 2026, the theme is "Yes! We can end TB!", which emphasizes that TB is preventable and curable.[5] Approximately 25% of the human population has latent tuberculosis, which in most does not develop into an active form.[2]