The war in the Middle East has not yet significantly disrupted global pharmaceutical supply chains.[2] The greatest impact is seen in the region, where only 0.3% of drugs and 0.6% of active pharmaceutical ingredients are produced.[2] The conflict disrupts key shipping and air routes, forcing producers, particularly in India and the EU, to seek alternative routes through the Strait of Hormuz.[2][3] Medicines with a short shelf life such as vaccines, insulin, biologics and oncological therapies are most at risk.[1][3] The short-term risk of drug shortages is low due to stocks: EU countries have 2-6 months of reserves, pharmaceutical companies 180 days of finished products and distributors 25-30 days.[3] The costs of alternative transport, such as the 45% increase in air transport prices from Asia to Europe, can be passed on to consumers.[3] The length of the conflict will determine the severity of the impact on the pharmaceutical industry.[2][1]