People who have had a serious infection treated in hospital have about three times the risk of developing dementia compared to people without the infection[1]. This increased risk occurs in both men and women, younger and older people, and remains after accounting for other health problems and socioeconomic factors[1]. The risk increases with the number of hospitalizations—those with two or more hospitalizations for infection have a 2.5-fold increased risk, while those with one hospitalization have a 1.5-fold increased risk[1]. Among infections, sepsis poses the highest risk of developing dementia, followed by pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and skin infections[2]. The increased risk of dementia is observed not only in the first years after the infection, but persists for up to 25 to 30 years after its occurrence[1]. The incidence of dementia is highest in the first year after infection[2]. Scientists hypothesize that inflammation in the brain caused by infection is behind this relationship[1].