The CABU-EICO study examined the effect of a behavioural intervention bundle in communities in Burkina Faso and DR Congo. The intervention bundle led to a substantial reduction in Watch-group antibiotic use without negative effects on patient management. The results indicate the potential for improving antibiotic use among healthcare providers. Reducing the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics at the community level could help slow the increasing resistance of community-acquired pathogens to clinically important antibiotics.