Spontaneous spinal CSF leaks are the underlying cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension, a condition that is often under-recognised and largely unexplained. This is a serious clinical problem that is not trivial. Studies have shown that a normal CSF opening pressure and the absence of classical clinical features do not reliably rule out spontaneous intracranial hypotension. This puts many patients at risk of delayed or missed diagnosis. Diagnosis of this condition depends on specialist neuroimaging. Successful targeted closure of the leak requires invasive techniques to localize it.