Prognostic value of the aggregate index of systemic inflammation and controlling nutritional status score for all-cause mortality in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study

The study investigated the prognostic relevance of the CONUT (Controlling Nutritional Status) score and AISI (Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation) in predicting all-cause mortality in 614 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis during a five-year follow-up period. ROC analysis showed areas under the curve of 0.704 for the CONUT score and 0.694 for AISI, with optimal threshold values of 3.5 and 306.100, respectively. Patients with AISI below 306.100 had significantly better survival rates (p < 0.001), while patients with CONUT scores ≥ 3.5 had reduced survival (p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression identified that central venous catheter use, CONUT score ≥ 3.5, AISI ≥ 306.100, and elevated aspartate aminotransferase levels were independently associated with increased five-year mortality. Conversely, female gender and elevated hemoglobin, urea, and creatinine levels were protective factors. The combination of AISI and CONUT score represents a robust and accessible tool for identifying high-risk patients.