Case Report: Exchange transfusion for hemolytic anemia and acute kidney injury associated with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with raltitrexed and oxaliplatin in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma

The article presents a case of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combining raltitrexed and oxaliplatin. Following this treatment, the patient developed severe hemolytic anemia and acute kidney injury, suspected to be an adverse effect of oxaliplatin. Similar adverse reactions have been previously documented in colorectal cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin. The patient was successfully treated with two personalized exchange transfusion sessions supplemented with artificial liver support therapy. This case report highlights the need to investigate potential severe adverse effects of this chemotherapy combination in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.