Prague oncology has an exceptional concentration of expertise, modern technologies, and specialized facilities. The network of comprehensive oncology centers in Prague and the Central Bohemia region provides care for approximately 2.7 million inhabitants, and the model based on accessible outpatient and inpatient care has proven effective. According to clinic heads, patients should be treated where they receive the best care for their specific diagnosis, with general oncological care widely available and complex cases concentrated in specialized centers. The establishment of the National Oncology Center in Motol represents a significant step in the development of Czech oncology, aiming to expand capacity and improve personalized medicine. The main risk is fragmentation of care, especially for rare tumors and complex surgical procedures, where quality depends on team experience and access to molecular diagnostics. Prague centers face capacity challenges, and with further aging of the population, oncological care capacity will need to be expanded.